International Journal of Anesthesia
Open Access
Systematic Review on Peri-Operative Intravenous Fluid: ‘Restrictive vs Liberal’ Fluid use on Major Abdominal Surgical Patients
Dec 2025
Arnold WaineCorresponding author
Background Intravenous Fluids use during surgery is a common practice for many reasons. However recent evaluation of perioperative abdominal surgery patients have poised many issues. Mostly on the type of fluid and quantity of volume usage on major abdominal surgery. Many studies into this aspect of…